Explore our latest policy reports, legal filings, academic articles, and resources addressing critical issues at the imersection of gender, international law, and justice.
Legal advocacy demands a delicate balance between zealous representation and ethical responsibility—a challenge that becomes even more complex in international human rights litigation. Human rights lawyers operate in high-stakes legal environments, from the International Criminal Court (ICC) to the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR), where they must uphold fair trial rights, client confidentiality, and professional inte
VOLUME 26:1
Fall 2024
LOYOLA UNIVERSITY NEW ORLEANS COLLEGE OF LAW
NEW ORLEANS, LA 70118
COPYRIGHT 2024
Loyola University New Orleans
Loyola Journal of Public Interest Law
Axana M. Soltan
In July 2025, the International Criminal Court’s Pre-Trial Chamber II issued arrest warrants for Taliban Supreme Leader Haibatullah Akhundzada and Chief Justice Abdul Hakim Haqqani 1 for the crime against humanity of
persecution under Article 7(1)(h) of the Rome Statute, on gender and political grounds.2 Three months later, the People’s Tribunal for Women of Afghanistan convened before the Permanent Peoples ’Tribunal in Madrid, 3 amplifying the testimonies of Afghan women and girls.4 Together, these proceedings mark a jurisprudential turning point: for the first time, international and civil mechanisms have recognized the systematic exclusion of women from public life as conduct amounting to crimes against humanity.5
Submitted by:
Axana Soltan, J.D., LL.M., M.P.P.
Legal Counsel, Gender Apartheid Law Institute
Hague, Netherlands
Address: The Hague, The Netherlands
Email: axana.soltan@gali-justice.com
Phone: +1 (804) 501-9827
Date: 10 November 2025
Filed pursuant to Article 15(1) of the Rome Statute, inviting the Prosecutor to receive and consider information on crimes within the jurisdiction of the Court and to analyse the seriousness of the information submitted herein.